Teaching

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I’ve been asked to address RSS. I’ve given several talks this year to fellow educators at conferences and meetings about RSS and related systems, and how RSS can facilitate more focused, meaningful web activity. Someone who read my opprobrium on Internet Addiction has asked if my stern condemnation of Jerald J. Block, M.D. means that I don’t think the Internet can be a waste of time. I do feel that the Internet can be a monumental opportunity to accomplish nothing, to become a passive consumer of content, and to become befuddled by the vastness of “this leads to this leads to this…”.

We all know the perils of surfing. We’ve all found ourselves sitting down at the computer in a soporific slump wondering what happened to the last hour (or more).

So, here’s one way to be more deliberate and productive. It is called RSS. RSS stands for (usually) “Really Simple Syndication”. I will not try to get too technical here, nor try to elaborate on all the various versions or names. If you are interested, read what Wikipedia has to say or for an even more technical discussion of the XML try this article from XML.com. Suffice to say that RSS is a way of describing content in simple text file which enables a person or program to request this single file in order to get information about new content. I’ll spell this out.

First, let’s say that I have become sufficiently connected to have developed certain habits or preferences in my web browsing. I recall back and can remember a period when I first noticed that I had a list of several web sites I had taken an interest in and was reading on a regular (daily, weekly..) basis. At one point I even had a simple HTML document that I had saved on my desktop with hyperlinks to each of these sites. Each morning, I would open this file and click on each link, to see if there was any new content available. I’ll admit, using the HTML document was a step in the right direction because it allowed me to focus my time on only those sites I knew to be of importance. (Compare this method to a blind Google Search on some topic and you’ll see the difference. One is directed, the other is an open invitation to a time management derailment.)

So, RSS is a format of document (an XML document) that is used to describe postings, stories, or other content (including podcasts). This XML file is called a “feed”. There is no reason for a normal content consumer to understand the inner workings of this XML format. Almost all blog packages, social networking sites, etc. will provide the generation of these feeds automatically.

So, how to use RSS. Simply, visit the pages you are interested in, like This American Bedlam, look for the RSS symbol (here in the upper right) click on the symbol (or occasionally search the page for a text link “RSS”) and you will be taken to a page that looks something like this:

Safari Rendered RSS

This is Safari’s rendering of the XML file. It shows the title, here, This American Bedlam and that the feed contains 10 entries. Then there is a sequential listing of each of the 10 entries, each with a title, information on who posted the entry and its timestamp, plus the main text of the entry (truncated to a certain number of words).

This is the basic anatomy of a feed. So, now, all one needs is some utility to automatically go out to all the sites you are interested in and retrieve the feeds, show you what new content (if any) is available, and allow you to simply run through the list periodically to keep updated.

There are many great RSS aggregators (as these utilities are called). Depending on your platform and preferences, you may wish to use a stand alone application (like Cyndicate for Mac, which I use) or to make it part of your online profile on myYahoo, or LiveJournal (both these have the ability to aggregate your RSS feeds.) In fact, you can even rely on your web browser (IE7 has a build in RSS aggregator and Firefox has many extensions available for download which do this — I’ve used Feed Sidebar, Sage and Wizz). Just copy the URL of the feed and paste it into the utility of choice. This is what’s called ’subscribing to a feed’. Then every time you launch the utility it will scan all the feeds you have subscribed to and if any has new content, it will list that for you. Here’s a screen shot of Cyndicate:

Now, instead of laboriously typing in the URL of each page I am interested in, or even clicking on a link from an HTML file, I can simply open my aggregator and spend a few minutes looking through the new content for items of interest. I dedicate roughly 30 minutes to this activity which allows me to see new content from news providers, blogs, even friends who have posted new photos to Flickr. Using Cyndicate I can even assign certain filters. For instance, I occasionally like to get the Google Entertainment News, but I can’t stand getting a bunch of dribble about Paris Hilton or Miley Cyrus, so I have applied filters to remove stories with them (and others) in the headlines, saving me time for reading stories that deserve my attention.

So, if you are finding that you spend too much time trying to keep up and you are not using RSS, you should consider it. It’s there, it’s free and it is fantastic. Next, I’ll expand on this to include podcast feeds.

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I am delighted by the responses I’ve received and the hits my last post precipitated. For a humble personal blog, I had a staggering number of referrals from Google and other searches. Most of these searches were looking for terms like “blind calendars”, “accessible technology”, “blind technology” or specific items named in the post: comparisons of Dragon and Jott, details on Sandy, and so forth. I’ve had messages from visually impaired visitors in Algeria, South Africa and Australia asking for more information or my recommendations for sources of information on blind-accessible computing. I am flattered and inspired.

I am going to ask my friend Jeremy (mentioned in the last post) to assist me in compiling a list of resources for people, including podcasts, which are a wonderful source of information for the visually impaired. Generally speaking, the web is not web-friendly for those using screen readers. I include this very blog in my criticism. The time it takes to navigate the home page of my blog with a screen reader is upwards of 15 minutes and that is preemptively skipping content. (I tested it this morning on a WinXP machine running Jaws. I am very much considering generating a very simple text-only page to mirror the content on the blog in a pure-accessible format. I’ll work on that this summer.)

Podcasts are a natural and reliable alternative to non-accessible websites. Content can be automatically downloaded and listened to using the same RSS feed idea that many use to track blogs, but there is no browser hassle. Jeremy has made it clear to me that this is not just broadcasting on TCP/IP, but a truly accessible means for the visually-impaired to participate freely. Depending on how much interest people express, I am considering generating a simply audio cast of my my blog entries about accessible technology so people can get content in that format as well.

So, in the coming days, I’ll follow-up with some assistance from Jeremy and post some information and resources.

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For a couple of years now, I have been teaching technology to the blind. (In fact, I have been teaching technology for about ten years, at College-prep/secondary and college level). I have found working with the blind to be one of the most amazing and rewarding endeavors, not only for the opportunity it affords me to work with an often overlooked group of exceptionally bright and talented people, but because they can teach me so much about how all people utilize technology. As a technology educator, I am always amazed at how narrow many people’s vision of educational technology can be. Case in point, the prevalence of PowerPoint as a cornerstone of secondary technology integration.

So, to the story… my student Jeremy, who is blind and a great computer user came to me the other day with a seemingly easy request: help him find a good calendar program. Jeremy is a whiz with e-mail, podcasts, and his screen reader JAWS. We tried Sunbird but found it suffered the same limitations with JAWS that Firefox does. We tried calendars specifically for the blind, but those too didn’t offer the flexibility that Jeremy wanted. So, we turned to a less conventional solution. Jeremy is not yet using this, but I am, and I am extremely excited about the potential.

First, I’m using Sandy, which is a very neat web-based calendar and reminder service. I’ve been using Sandy for a few weeks and I absolutely love her. She sends me a simple e-mail digest of my calendar and to-do list each morning which helps me start the day. I can set it up to have Sandy send me SMS text message reminders, e-mail reminders or no reminders at all. It is possible to SMS appointments from my phone to Sandy, post them from the web, or send them from an e-mail. I can create groupings, just like in any calendar and add items to the group simply by appending “@group” to the end of my messages to Sandy.

Now, many of the features I just mentioned are not of much interest to a blind person, as SMS text messaging is not particularly blind-accessible, and getting a million e-mail reminders can be more trouble than it’s worth. Generally, it is a nice feature to have on occasion, but if used all the time, it is a total nuisance. However, the ability to manage a complex calendar from a simple voice interface (i.e. a cell phone) and receive daily a clean text e-mail digest of your daily obligations, is truly something most blind people would find amazing.

So, now we add Jott to the formula. Jott is a very good voice to text service available on the web. Like Sandy it is completely free, but requires registration. Using Jott, I can call an 800-number from my cell phone. A pleasant automated voice asks me “Who do you want to Jott?” Depending on who I have added in my list of contacts, I can simply say: “Myself” or “Twitter” or a person’s name, and the voice will then ask me to record my message. I’ve just completed a Jott to Twitter (which can be found in my Twitter thread to the right) which went like this:

ME: Dial Jott on my cell phone. (I can’t remember the actual number, I programmed it into my phone).

JOTT: Who do you want to Jott?

ME: Twitter

JOTT: Twitter, is this correct?

ME: Yes

JOTT: (Beep — indicating it is time for me to start talking)

ME: Test Jott for a blind student.

JOTT: Got it!

Jott will now ask me to either hang up or Jott someone else.

Jott is a great way to generate text from a cell phone. In fact, much of this posting was done from my cell phone while I was walking from my office to my car this afternoon. When I got home, I merely re-fashioned the text I found in my e-mail inbox and pasted it into my blog.

So, here’s where Sandy and Jott come together. Set up and account on each. Make sure you fill out the requisite information in both so Jott knows your cell phone number, your e-mail address and the personalized e-mail address to which you send Sandy stuff (Sandy will provide you this e-mail address once you have completed your registration). Once you have both accounts set up, spend a few minutes learning Sandy. Sandy uses a specific shorthand system which is not at all difficult to use or understand, but it might require a blind person to sit down with someone and practice a few things to get the hand of it.

So. Once both accounts are activated, simply rely on the cell phone. Call Jott, when asked who you wish to Jott, say, “Sandy” then when you hear the beep say your business (Reminder meeting with Leland Thursday afternoon at 1pm) and lo-and-behold, Thursday morning, an e-mail will arrive in your inbox with a digest of your daily calendar telling you that you have a meeting at 1pm with your computer teacher Leland.

In all honesty, this is a rare kind of combination, which offers blind users (as well as technology teachers and pretty much any other busy person on the planet) the opportunity to use a simple tool (i.e. their cell phone) to manage a great deal of their text communications, calendar management and scheduling, as well as general productivity. Blind or not, the opportunity to speak a few notes into your phone to help you get a start on that paper, presentation or important blog posting all from the comfort of your bus-seat on the way home is truly remarkable. Also, Jott is very accurate. Not as accurate as a fully trained set up with Dragon Naturally Speaking, but for a phone-based system it is exceptional. When in doubt, spell it out. Jott, understandably has trouble with names and URL’s and other things like that, so say them, then spell them out. Speak as clearly as possible, and enjoy!

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